APDS9306 Ambient Light Sensor Documentation

[aodrenah]

Description:

Added instructions for the apds9306 component.

Related issue (if applicable): fixes

Pull request in esphome with YAML changes (if applicable): esphome/esphome#6709

Checklist:

• [x] I am merging into next because this is new documentation that has a matching pull-request in esphome as linked above.
  or

• [ ] I am merging into current because this is a fix, change and/or adjustment in the current documentation and is not for a new component or feature.

• [x] Link added in /index.rst when creating new documents for new components or cookbook.

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[kbx81]

I think you may have had a bad rebase -- there are some changes in here that don't belong in this PR. Please fix. 🙂

[esphome[bot]]

Please take a look at the requested changes, and use the Ready for review button when you are done, thanks :+1:

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