Add basic tests for Docker images

[ptitzler]

We are currently publishing three docker images tagged with x.y.z, latest, and dev. We should add a few basic tests for the x.y.z image to make sure it runs. latest is an 'alias' and therefore doesn't require additional testing. There should be no need to test dev because it's not an official release.

[c-bommu]

I would like to work on this issue, can I get assigned?