[7.17 backport] Update elastic-agent-client used in 7.17 releases

[michel-laterman]

Proposed commit message

Update the elastic-agent-client to the latest tagged release. Update protobuf libraries. elastic-agent will have v2 related functions disabled.

Checklist

• [x] My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• [x] I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• ~~I have made corresponding changes to the documentation~~
• ~~I have made corresponding change to the default configuration files~~
• [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• ~~I have added an entry in CHANGELOG.next.asciidoc or CHANGELOG-developer.next.asciidoc.~~

[elasticmachine]

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Build stats

• Start Time: 2024-05-06T15:36:13.833+0000

• Duration: 138 min 56 sec

Test stats :test_tube:

Test	Results
Failed	0
Passed	20613
Skipped	1423
Total	22036

:green_heart: Flaky test report

Tests succeeded.

:robot: GitHub comments

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[elasticmachine]

Pinging @elastic/elastic-agent-control-plane (Team:Elastic-Agent-Control-Plane)

[cmacknz]

To double check, Fleet server was confirmed to bootstrap with these changes?

[michel-laterman]

Yes, last time i tested it bootstrapped locally correctly. We can also try to make a custom issue and check on ESS as well.