Iox #1032 error handling prototype

[MatthiasKillat]

Pre-Review Checklist for the PR Author

1. [ ] Code follows the coding style of CONTRIBUTING.md
2. [ ] Tests follow the best practice for testing
3. [ ] Changelog updated in the unreleased section including API breaking changes
4. [ ] Branch follows the naming format (iox-#123-this-is-a-branch)
5. [ ] Commits messages are according to this guideline
   • [ ] Commit messages have the issue ID (iox-#123 commit text)
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   • [ ] Commit author matches Eclipse Contributor Agreement (and ECA is signed)
6. [ ] Update the PR title
   • Follow the same conventions as for commit messages
   • Link to the relevant issue
7. [ ] Relevant issues are linked
8. [ ] Add sensible notes for the reviewer
9. [ ] All checks have passed (except task-list-completed)
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Notes for Reviewer

Checklist for the PR Reviewer

• [ ] Commits are properly organized and messages are according to the guideline
• [ ] Code according to our coding style and naming conventions
• [ ] Unit tests have been written for new behavior
  • [ ] Each unit test case has a unique UUID
• [ ] Public API changes are documented via doxygen
• [ ] Copyright owner are updated in the changed files
• [ ] PR title describes the changes

Post-review Checklist for the PR Author

1. [ ] All open points are addressed and tracked via issues

References

• Closes TBD

[MatthiasKillat]

Only a draft, but shows the overall structure. Will be restructured as needed and the code style will be changed in a refactoring. Tests demonstrate the functionality and interface (most do not check anything). Tests can be extended if we use the test_handling to actually check for errors being raised.

[MatthiasKillat]

@elBoberido Will be closed later and reopened as a new PR based on https://github.com/eclipse-iceoryx/iceoryx/pull/1656 (to exchange the handler). The reason is that new ideas/restrictions will only allow part of the code to be reused ...

[MatthiasKillat]

Experimental prototype. Version to be merged will be developed in another branch https://github.com/ApexAI/iceoryx/tree/iox-1032-new-error-handling-api