Add C bindings to read chunk header attributes

[neilisaac]

Pre-Review Checklist for the PR Author

1. [x] Code follows the coding style of CONTRIBUTING.md
2. [x] Tests follow the best practice for testing
3. [x] Changelog updated in the unreleased section including API breaking changes
4. [x] Branch follows the naming format (iox-#123-this-is-a-branch)
5. [x] Commits messages are according to this guideline
   • [x] Commit messages have the issue ID (iox-#123 commit text)
   • [x] Commit messages are signed (git commit -s)
   • [x] Commit author matches Eclipse Contributor Agreement (and ECA is signed)
6. [ ] Update the PR title
   • Follow the same conventions as for commit messages
   • Link to the relevant issue
7. [x] Relevant issues are linked
8. [ ] Add sensible notes for the reviewer
9. [ ] All checks have passed (except task-list-completed)
10. [ ] Assign PR to reviewer

Notes for Reviewer

Checklist for the PR Reviewer

• [ ] Commits are properly organized and messages are according to the guideline
• [ ] Code according to our coding style and naming conventions
• [ ] Unit tests have been written for new behavior
  • [ ] Each unit test case has a unique UUID
• [ ] Public API changes are documented via doxygen
• [ ] Copyright owner are updated in the changed files
• [ ] PR title describes the changes

Post-review Checklist for the PR Author

1. [ ] All open points are addressed and tracked via issues

References

• Closes #585

[elfenpiff]

@neilisaac Do you have time in the near future to fix our findings so that we can merge your work? Or could we support you in any way to make things easier?

[neilisaac]

@elfenpiff I'm not working with iceoryx presently (but hope to in the future!) so feel free to take this over.