feat: Add retry mechanism for storage initialization

[MoeBensu]

Resolves #3602

PR includes:

• Implement configurable retry logic for storage connection attempts
• Add configuration options for retry attempts and delay
• Default to 5 attempts with 5 second delay if not specified

[MoeBensu]

@nabokihms I would like to request a review here, if possible! Or how do you like to plan this in the next release?

[nabokihms]

connected https://github.com/dexidp/dex/issues/1189