feat: add custom key to projects table, backfilling based on current project name, and API support

[corban-beaird]

Ticket

ET-97 ET-101 ET-102 ET-164

Description

Introduce custom project key (similar to JIRA's project key), to be able to refer to projects. This adds the column to the DB & backfills existing projects based on their existing project name.

This also includes allowing the key to be specified in the CreateProject endpoint (PostProject).

Test Plan

• Automated Integration Testing

Checklist

• [ ] Changes have been manually QA'd
• [ ] User-facing API changes need the "User-facing API Change" label.
• [ ] Release notes should be added as a separate file under docs/release-notes/. See Release Note for details.
• [ ] Licenses should be included for new code which was copied and/or modified from any external code.

Commentary

Work will need to be done to allow updating project keys of existing projects (that is being handled in ET-98). This will likely include updating the logic for how we determine uniqueness, since the requirement will need to ensure no past project keys had been in use.

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[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 53.95480% with 163 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 48.99%. Comparing base (96c061b) to head (47f19fc). Report is 5 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #9134      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   48.96%   48.99%   +0.02%     
==========================================
  Files        1234     1235       +1     
  Lines      159823   160128     +305     
  Branches     2781     2780       -1     
==========================================
+ Hits        78264    78454     +190     
- Misses      81384    81499     +115     
  Partials      175      175              

Flag	Coverage Δ
backend	43.82% <56.27%> (+0.11%)	:arrow_up:
harness	63.96% <37.20%> (-0.03%)	:arrow_down:
web	44.12% <ø> (ø)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files	Coverage Δ
harness/determined/cli/workspace.py	21.23% <100.00%> (ø)
harness/determined/common/streams/wire.py	58.58% <100.00%> (+0.42%)	:arrow_up:
harness/tests/common/streams/test_client.py	89.03% <ø> (ø)
master/internal/db/postgres.go	51.46% <ø> (ø)
master/internal/stream/projects.go	77.01% <ø> (ø)
master/test/streamdata/stream_data.go	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
master/internal/project/authz_basic_impl.go	17.30% <75.00%> (+15.22%)	:arrow_up:
master/pkg/model/project.go	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
harness/determined/cli/project.py	17.64% <0.00%> (ø)
master/pkg/random/string.go	83.33% <83.33%> (ø)
... and 6 more

... and 5 files with indirect coverage changes