chore: upgrade protoc used in CI

[hamidzr]

Description

protoc was upgraded a while back and the new version is not compatible with the old. make -C proto check started fails locally when using the new version. This updates CI to use a newer version (24) https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases

Test Plan

Commentary (optional)

Checklist

• [ ] Changes have been manually QA'd
• [ ] User-facing API changes need the "User-facing API Change" label.
• [ ] Release notes should be added as a separate file under docs/release-notes/. See Release Note for details.
• [ ] Licenses should be included for new code which was copied and/or modified from any external code.

Ticket