Sparklines

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This Python package implements Edward Tufte's concept of sparklines_, but limited to text only e.g. like this: ▃▁▄▁▅█▂▅ (this I likely not displayed correctly in every browser). You can find more information about sparklines on Wikipedia_. This code was mainly developed for running simple plausibility tests in sensor networks as shown in fig. 1 below:

.. figure:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/deeplook/sparklines/master/example_sensors.png :width: 75% :alt: example usecase with sensor values :align: center

Fig. 1: Example usecase for such "sparklines" on the command-line, showing IoT sensor values (generating code not included here).

Due to limitations of available Unicode characters this works best when all values are positive. And even then true sparklines that look more like lines and less like bars are a real challenge, because they would need multiple characters with a single horizontal line on different vertical positions. This would work only with a dedicated font, which is way beyond the scope of this tool and which would significantly complicate its usage. So we stick to these characters: "▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█", and use a blank for missing values.

This code was tested ok at some point for Python 2.6 and 2.7, but no longer supports Python 2 after it reached end-of-life. Now Python 3.5 to 3.8 as well as PyPy 3 are all tested via Travis-CI.

Sample output

This is a recorded sample session illustrating how to use sparklines (as GitHub doesn't render embedded Asciinema_ recordings you'll see here an image pointing to the respective asciicast <https://asciinema.org/a/5xwfvcrrk09fy3ml3a8n67hep>_):

.. image:: https://asciinema.org/a/5xwfvcrrk09fy3ml3a8n67hep.png :target: https://asciinema.org/a/5xwfvcrrk09fy3ml3a8n67hep

Here is some example output on the command-line (please note that in some browsers the vertical alignment of these block characters might be displayed slightly wrong, the same effect can be seen for other repos referenced below):

Examples for the code below:

.. code-block:: bash

$ sparklines 2 7 1 8 2 8 1 8
▂▇▁█▂█▁█
$ echo 2 7 1 8 2 8 1 8 | sparklines
▂▇▁█▂█▁█
$ sparklines < numbers.txt
▂▇▁█▂█▁█
$ sparklines 0 2. 1e0
▁█▅

Installation

You can install this package using pip install sparklines from the Python Package Index_. You can also clone this repository and install it via python setup.py install or pip install -e .. After installing, you will have access system-wide (or in your virtualenv if you have used that) to sparklines, programmatically as well as via a command-line tool with the same name.

Test

To run the (still very small) "test suite", download and unpack this repository or clone it, and run the command python setup.py test in the unpacked archive. This will use a minified version of the pytest package included in this package in the file test/runtests.py. If you have the excellent pytest package installed you can also run py.test test from the downloaded repository's root folder.

Usage

Please note that the samples below might look a little funky (misaligned or even colored) in some browsers, but it should be totally fine when you print this in your terminal, Python or IPython session or your Python IDE of choice. Figure 2 below might show better what you should expect than the copied sample code thereafter:

.. figure:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/deeplook/sparklines/master/example_python.png :width: 65% :alt: example interactive invocation :align: center

Fig. 2: Example invocation from a Python and an IPython session.

Command-Line ............

Here are two sample invocations from the command-line, copied into this README:

.. code-block:: console

$ sparklines 1 2 3 4 5.0 null 3 2 1
▁▃▅▆█ ▅▃▁

$ sparklines -n 2 1 2 3 4 5.0 null 3 2 1
  ▁▅█ ▁  
▁▅███ █▅▁

Programmatic ............

And here are sample invocations from interactive Python sessions, copied into this README. The main function to use programmatically is sparklines.sparklines():

.. code-block:: python

In [1]: from sparklines import sparklines

In [2]: for line in sparklines([1, 2, 3, 4, 5.0, None, 3, 2, 1]):
   ...:     print(line)
   ...:     
▁▃▅▆█ ▅▃▁

In [3]: for line in sparklines([1, 2, 3, 4, 5.0, None, 3, 2, 1], num_lines=2):
    print(line)
   ...:     
  ▁▅█ ▁  
▁▅███ █▅▁

References

This code was inspired by Zach Holman's spark <https://github.com/holman/spark>, converted to a Python module by Kenneth Reitz as spark.py <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kennethreitz/spark.py/master/spark.py> and by RegKrieg to a Python package named pysparklines <https://github.com/RedKrieg/pysparklines>. And Roger Allen provides an even shorter spark.py <https://gist.githubusercontent.com/rogerallen/1368454/raw/b17e96b56ae881621a9f3b1508ca2e7fde3ec93e/spark.py>.

But since it is so short and easy to code in Python we can add a few nice extra features I was missing, like:

• increasing resolution with multiple output lines per sparkline
• showing gaps in input numbers for missing data
• issuing warnings for negative values (allowed, but misleading)
• highlighting values exceeding some threshold with a different color (if termcolor package is available)
• wrapping long sparklines at some max. length
• (todo) adding separator characters like : at regular intervals

.. _Asciinema: https://asciinema.org .. _Python Package Index: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/sparklines/ .. _sparklines: http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0001OR .. _on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparkline