Bump ubuntu from 22.04 to 24.04 in /docker

[dependabot[bot]]

Bumps ubuntu from 22.04 to 24.04.

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Thank you for your pull request! We could not find a changelog entry for this change. For details on how to document a change, see the dbt-snowflake contributing guide.

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[mikealfare]

CI checks currently use ubuntu:22.04 (via ubuntu:latest), so the local dev image should use the same.

[dependabot[bot]]

OK, I won't notify you again about this release, but will get in touch when a new version is available. If you'd rather skip all updates until the next major or minor version, let me know by commenting @dependabot ignore this major version or @dependabot ignore this minor version. You can also ignore all major, minor, or patch releases for a dependency by adding an ignore condition with the desired update_types to your config file.

If you change your mind, just re-open this PR and I'll resolve any conflicts on it.