[CT-1034] [Bug] Unexpected behavior when chaining methods on dbt-ref'ed/sourced dataframes

[lostmygithubaccount]

Is this a new bug in dbt-core?

• [X] I believe this is a new bug in dbt-core
• [X] I have searched the existing issues, and I could not find an existing issue for this bug

Current Behavior

Community Slack report here:

https://getdbt.slack.com/archives/C03QUA7DWCW/p1660223963454249

I reproduced easily -- the first run had df = df.limit(100) line uncommented and no chained call on the prior line, the second run is what's shown in the screenshot:

Expected Behavior

Would not expect method chaining to cause errors like this on dbt.ref(...) or dbt.source(...). We should clearly document this behavior and give a better error method if there's some underlying reason why we can't easily fix this, otherwise we should fix it.

Steps To Reproduce

See screenshot above. Basically add a .limit(N) to your reference call, e.g. df = dbt.ref(model_name).limit(100).

Relevant log output

@lostmygithubaccount ➜ /workspaces/codyspace/nyc_taxi_with_python (main ✗) $ dbt run -s int_yellow 
17:10:04  Running with dbt=1.3.0-b1
17:10:04  Found 5 models, 0 tests, 0 snapshots, 1 analysis, 571 macros, 0 operations, 0 seed files, 1 source, 0 exposures, 0 metrics
17:10:04  
17:10:05  Concurrency: 8 threads (target='dev')
17:10:05  
17:10:05  1 of 1 START python table model dbt_cody.int_yellow ............................ [RUN]
17:10:10  1 of 1 ERROR creating python table model dbt_cody.int_yellow ................... [ERROR in 4.58s]
17:10:10  
17:10:10  Finished running 1 table model in 0 hours 0 minutes and 5.57 seconds (5.57s).
17:10:10  
17:10:10  Completed with 1 error and 0 warnings:
17:10:10  
17:10:10  Database Error in model int_yellow (models/intermediate/int_yellow.py)
17:10:10    100357 (P0000): Python Interpreter Error:
17:10:10    Traceback (most recent call last):
17:10:10      File "_udf_code.py", line 83, in main
17:10:10      File "_udf_code.py", line 7, in model
17:10:10      File "_udf_code.py", line 53, in <lambda>
17:10:10      File "_udf_code.py", line 21, in ref
17:10:10    KeyError: 'stg_yellow'
17:10:10     in function INT_YELLOW__DBT_SP with handler main
17:10:10    compiled Code at target/run/nyc_taxi_with_python/models/intermediate/int_yellow.py
17:10:10  
17:10:10  Done. PASS=0 WARN=0 ERROR=1 SKIP=0 TOTAL=1

Environment

- OS: linux
- Python: 3.10
- dbt: 1.3 beta, installed via main branches

Which database adapter are you using with dbt?

snowflake

Additional Context

cc: @ChenyuLInx

No response