[farmanp/dbt-core] - Update ARCHITECTURE.md

[farmanp]

Point DBT Adapters to correct documentation

resolves ISSUE #5713

Problem

"adapters" link is pointing to a page "Not Found"

Solution

It's pointing to the correct page, per discussion

Checklist

• [x] I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• [x] I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• [x] This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
• [x] This PR has no interface changes (e.g. macros, cli, logs, json artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX
• [x] This PR includes type annotations for new and modified functions

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