Add support for overriding DSN connection information

[A-23187]

Description

When connecting using a DSN alias, you can specify additional options (including -h, -p, -u, -W and -d) to override the connection information represented by the DSN you used. For example, pgcli -D dsn -p 54321 means to connect using the alias dsn, while the port is overridden as 54321. It is very useful for me because I have multiple PostgreSQL services deployed on a single server that listen on different ports, I just need to configure only one DSN alias and specify different ports via the -p option to connect to these services.

Checklist

• [x] I've added this contribution to the changelog.rst.
• [x] I've added my name to the AUTHORS file (or it's already there).
• [x] I installed pre-commit hooks (pip install pre-commit && pre-commit install), and ran black on my code.
• [x] Please squash merge this pull request (uncheck if you'd like us to merge as multiple commits)

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: 237 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (6884c29) 84.15% compared to head (90bd5c7) 79.71%. Report is 67 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1352      +/-   ##
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- Coverage   84.15%   79.71%   -4.45%     
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  Files          21       25       +4     
  Lines        2720     3036     +316     
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+ Hits         2289     2420     +131     
- Misses        431      616     +185     

Files	Coverage Δ
pgcli/__init__.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
pgcli/completion_refresher.py	91.76% <ø> (+1.17%)	:arrow_up:
pgcli/packages/parseutils/__init__.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
pgcli/packages/parseutils/tables.py	97.67% <ø> (ø)
pgcli/packages/prompt_utils.py	70.00% <100.00%> (+5.29%)	:arrow_up:
pgcli/packages/sqlcompletion.py	97.67% <ø> (ø)
pgcli/pgstyle.py	64.00% <ø> (ø)
pgcli/magic.py	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
pgcli/auth.py	91.30% <91.30%> (ø)
pgcli/key_bindings.py	52.94% <66.66%> (-0.19%)	:arrow_down:
... and 8 more

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

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[A-23187]

Specifically, on a test machine, we have many instances of the PostgreSQL service running on random ports (when creating an instance, our administration system randomly selects an available port for that instance), so I can't easily connect to each instance by setting multiple DSN. I hope that when using a DSN whose IP address is set to our test machine to connect, I can specify the port obtained from our administration system with the -p option. But currently pgcli ignore my -p option when I use a DSN to connect, even if this DSN does not explicitly specify a port (if no port is specified, pgcli will use the default port 5432 to connect)

[j-bennet]

our administration system randomly selects an available port for that instance), so I can't easily connect to each instance by setting multiple DSN

@laixintao @A-23187 I agree, this sounds like a valid use case. Are you able to add a test for this, @A-23187 ?

[A-23187]

our administration system randomly selects an available port for that instance), so I can't easily connect to each instance by setting multiple DSN

@laixintao @A-23187 I agree, this sounds like a valid use case. Are you able to add a test for this, @A-23187 ?

Sure, I added a script to test this.