[BUG] "unauthorized use of script" when packing with pyinstaller and using private/restrict.

[antverdovsky]

I have a project with two files: a.py:

def p(x):
  print(f"Hello {x}")

main.py:

import a
a.p("world")

My goal is to use pyinstaller to create a single binary I can distribute. I want to make sure user cannot decompile the binary and import package a.py. I build main.py and its a.py dependency into a binary:

pyinstaller -F main.py

I then try to --pack with the --private:

pyarmor gen -O obfdist --pack dist/main a.py main.py --private

But I get this error when running the built binary.

 ./dist/main

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen __main__>", line 3, in <module>
  File "<frozen main>", line 1, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1176, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1147, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 690, in _load_unlocked
  File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod02_importers.py", line 385, in exec_module
  File "<frozen a>", line 3, in <module>
RuntimeError: unauthorized use of script (1:1380)
[21628] Failed to execute script 'main' due to unhandled exception!

I've also tried using both --restrict and restrict_module=2 (as stated in #1274), but I get the same error.

./dist/main

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen __main__>", line 3, in <module>
  File "<frozen main>", line 1, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1176, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1147, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 690, in _load_unlocked
  File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod02_importers.py", line 385, in exec_module
  File "<frozen a>", line 3, in <module>
RuntimeError: unauthorized use of script (1:1380)
[21939] Failed to execute script 'main' due to unhandled exception!

Is there any way to protect the packages with pyarmor when using pyinstaller? Otherwise, a user could decompile the binary and import my packages.

[jondy]

PyInstaller loader is different from Python Interpreter, so the script executed by PyInstaller loader must be no restrict.

Here is an example to show how to use --private with pack

Suppose the main script is foo.py

import fib

def main():
    print('Hello', fib.message)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

The content of fib.py

message = 'Fibo'

Then it need create fake main script fake_main.py

from foo import main
main()

Now generate executable dist/foo/foo

pyinstaller --name foo fake_main.py

And pack the obfuscated script by --private but exclude fake_main.py

pyarmor cfg exclude_restrict_modules="fake_main"
pyarmor gen --private --pack dist/foo/foo fake_main.py foo.py fib.py

Test it

dist/foo/foo

It has been tested in Linux and with PyInstaller 5.13.2

[irreg]

Thanks for directing me here and suggesting a workaround. It appears that exclude_restrict_modules is unprivatizing other modules as well due to the bug reported below

https://github.com/dashingsoft/pyarmor/issues/1585

If you replace the filenames fake_main, foo, fib with the filenames a, b, c, it appears to reproduce the problem.

[irreg]

@jondy

Thank you for the 8.4.7 release. Unfortunately, in 8.4.7, the problem seems to reproduce itself even if we modify the code as suggested.

(py38) C:\Works\pyarmor>dist\foo\foo.exe
Hello Fibo

(py38) C:\Works\pyarmor>pyarmor cfg exclude_restrict_modules="fake_main"
INFO     Python 3.8.5
INFO     Pyarmor 8.4.7 (trial), 000000, non-profits
INFO     Platform windows.x86_64
INFO     change option "exclude_restrict_modules" to new value "fake_main"

------------------------------------------------------------
Section: builder

Current settings
  exclude_restrict_modules = __init__

Global settings

Local settings
  exclude_restrict_modules = fake_main

(py38) C:\Works\pyarmor>pyarmor gen --private --pack dist/foo/foo.exe fake_main.py foo.py fib.py
INFO     Python 3.8.5
INFO     Pyarmor 8.4.7 (trial), 000000, non-profits
INFO     Platform windows.x86_64
INFO     implicitly set output to ".pyarmor\pack\dist"
INFO     extracting bundle "dist/foo/foo.exe"
INFO     search inputs ...
INFO     find script fake_main.py
INFO     find script foo.py
INFO     find script fib.py
INFO     find 3 top resources
INFO     start to generate runtime files
INFO     target platforms {'windows.amd64'}
INFO     write .pyarmor\pack\dist\pyarmor_runtime_000000\pyarmor_runtime.pyd
INFO     start to obfuscate scripts
INFO     process resource "fake_main"
INFO     obfuscating file fake_main.py
INFO     write .pyarmor\pack\dist\fake_main.py
INFO     process resource "foo"
INFO     obfuscating file foo.py
INFO     write .pyarmor\pack\dist\foo.py
INFO     process resource "fib"
INFO     obfuscating file fib.py
INFO     write .pyarmor\pack\dist\fib.py
INFO     obfuscate scripts OK
INFO     repacking bundle "dist/foo/foo.exe"
INFO     obfuscated scripts at ".pyarmor\pack\dist"
INFO     entry script name is "foo.py"
INFO     repacking "PYZ-00.pyz"
INFO     replace item "pyarmor_runtime_000000"
INFO     replace item "fib"
INFO     replace item "foo"
INFO     repacking PKG "PKG-patched"
INFO     replace entry "fake_main"
INFO     replace entry "PYZ-00.pyz"
INFO     repacking EXE "dist/foo/foo.exe"
INFO     replace PKG with "PKG-patched"
INFO     generate patched bundle "dist/foo/foo.exe" successfully

(py38) C:\Works\pyarmor>python fake_main.py
Hello Fibo

(py38) C:\Works\pyarmor>dist\foo\foo.exe
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen __main__>", line 3, in <module>
  File "<frozen fake_main>", line 1, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 499, in exec_module
  File "<frozen foo>", line 3, in <module>
RuntimeError: unauthorized use of script (1:1380)
[25556] Failed to execute script 'fake_main' due to unhandled exception!

(py38) C:\Works\pyarmor>

[jondy]

Got it, it seems fake_main with exclude_restrict_modules doesn't work.

I'll check it again

[jondy]

Here is one solution by patching PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py

The idea is to make PyInstaller module loader like CPython interpreter

In the traceback, there is a line

    File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 499, in exec_module 

So edit /path/to/PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py line 499 to

        # exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
        def _call_with_frames_removed():
            exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)
        _call_with_frames_removed()

After that no fake_main and no exclude_restrict_modules, only pack with --private. For example,

pyarmor cfg -r exclude_restrict_modules

rm -rf dist
pyinstaller foo.py
pyarmor gen --private --pack dist/foo/foo foo.py fib.py
dist/foo/foo

[irreg]

Thanks for the suggestion. However, my concern is that if we change the loader, we may need to support the license. We will consider whether we can accommodate this.

No. 5 in the License section https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/wiki/FAQ

[irreg]

Based on your suggestion, I think I can work around it for the time being by dynamically rewriting the module so that it does not affect the license.

Thanks for your help.

fake_main.py

import sys 
if mod := sys.modules.get("pyimod02_importers"):
    mod.exec = lambda *args, **kwargs: exec(*args, **kwargs)
from foo import main
main()

[jondy]

This is temporary solution, if this patch works, in next release v8.5.0, it will be implemented in the pyarmor side, so need do nothing in PyInstaller.

[jondy]

Fixed in v8.5.0