refact pkg/database: clean up code and error messages

[mmetc]

[github-actions[bot]]

@mmetc: There are no area labels on this PR. You can add as many areas as you see fit.

• /area agent
• /area local-api
• /area cscli
• /area appsec
• /area security
• /area configuration

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[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 82.35294% with 39 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 58.47%. Comparing base (ecf34c2) to head (79959e7). Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
pkg/database/alertfilter.go	86.53%	20 Missing and 8 partials :warning:
pkg/database/alerts.go	0.00%	10 Missing :warning:
pkg/types/ip.go	66.66%	1 Missing :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #3263      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   58.45%   58.47%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         351      352       +1     
  Lines       37893    37871      -22     
==========================================
- Hits        22151    22144       -7     
+ Misses      13835    13818      -17     
- Partials     1907     1909       +2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
bats	41.28% <71.49%> (-0.02%)	:arrow_down:
unit-linux	34.44% <66.66%> (+0.02%)	:arrow_up:
unit-windows	29.67% <45.70%> (+0.02%)	:arrow_up:

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