feat(version): add MANUAL_VERSION, --next and --patch to version comm…

[bearomorphism]

…and, remove type alias

Closes #1678, #1679

Manually tested and added test cases, the result LGTM.

[bearomorphism]

@Lee-W I already ran pytest tests/commands/test_version_command.py -n auto --regen-all to regenerate the test files, but the pipeline still fails. (The tests passed on my machine)

Do you have any ideas why this happen

[woile]

There was a way to run all the pre-commits, but I don't remember how it works 😅

[woile]

Nice to see this going forward 🎉

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

:x: Patch coverage is 93.15068% with 5 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review. :warning: Please upload report for BASE (v4-11-0@2072f8e). Learn more about missing BASE report.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
commitizen/version_increment.py	81.25%	3 Missing :warning:
commitizen/commands/version.py	94.28%	2 Missing :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             v4-11-0    #1724   +/-   ##
==========================================
  Coverage           ?   98.24%           
==========================================
  Files              ?       61           
  Lines              ?     2619           
  Branches           ?        0           
==========================================
  Hits               ?     2573           
  Misses             ?       46           
  Partials           ?        0           

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	98.24% <93.15%> (?)

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[bearomorphism]

@Lee-W I already ran pytest tests/commands/test_version_command.py -n auto --regen-all to regenerate the test files, but the pipeline still fails. (The tests passed on my machine)

Do you have any ideas why this happen

I see why the test failure happens. Please see my other PR #1726 .

[bearomorphism]

I will rebase this branch after #1726 is merged. The test failure should be resolved then.