My-Blog 一步一步教你如何创建第一个Vert.x Web应用

Vert.x是一个支持多语言的运行在JVM之上的开发平台，可以用于构建各种应用，包括web应用，这篇文章教你如何使用Maven和Vert.x创建第一个web应用。

0. 需要JDK 8

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

1. 安装Maven

如果已经安装了，可以跳过这一步

下载Maven: http://archive.apache.org/dist/maven/maven-3/3.3.9/binaries/apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.zip 下文我都以Windows 7为例，如果使用Linux，需要修改一下相应的目录名，把apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.zip解压到D:\apache-maven-3.3.9目录(也可以选择其他目录)，然后把D:\apache-maven-3.3.9\bin加入Path环境变量，打开一个命令行窗口，输入mvn -version，能看到类似下面的信息： Apache Maven 3.3.9

2. 创建一个空的Maven项目

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=my.test -DartifactId=vertx_app -Dversion=1.0-SNAPSHOT -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false

如果在D:\目录下运行上面的命令，会生成一个D:\vertx_app目录，打开D:\vertx_app\pom.xml文件，用下面的内容替换掉: (用Vert.x开发最简单的Web应用只需要依赖vertx-web，测试Vert.x应用需要用到vertx-unit)

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>my.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>vertx_app</artifactId>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>vertx_app</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
            <artifactId>vertx-web</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
            <artifactId>vertx-unit</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                    implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <manifestEntries>
                                        <Main-Class>io.vertx.core.Starter</Main-Class>
                                        <Main-Verticle>my.test.HelloWorldVerticle</Main-Verticle>
                                    </manifestEntries>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                            <artifactSet />
                            <outputFile>${project.build.directory}/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}-fat.jar</outputFile>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

3. Hello World

文件位置: vertx_app\src\main\java\my\test\HelloWorldVerticle.java

package my.test;

import io.vertx.core.AbstractVerticle;
import io.vertx.core.http.HttpServer;
import io.vertx.core.http.HttpServerResponse;
import io.vertx.ext.web.Route;
import io.vertx.ext.web.Router;

public class HelloWorldVerticle extends AbstractVerticle {
    @Override
    public void start() {
        HttpServer server = vertx.createHttpServer();
        Router router = Router.router(vertx);

        // 处理http://localhost:8080/
        Route route = router.route("/");
        route.handler(routingContext -> {
            routingContext.response().end("Hello World!");
        });

        // 处理http://localhost:8080/date
        route = router.route("/date");
        route.handler(routingContext -> {
            HttpServerResponse response = routingContext.response();
            response.putHeader("content-type", "text/plain");
            response.end("date: " + new java.util.Date());
        });

        server.requestHandler(router::accept).listen(8080);
    }
}

4. 测试类

文件位置:vertx_app\src\test\java\my\HelloWorldVerticleTest.java

package my.test;

import io.vertx.core.Vertx;
import io.vertx.ext.unit.Async;
import io.vertx.ext.unit.TestContext;
import io.vertx.ext.unit.junit.VertxUnitRunner;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(VertxUnitRunner.class)
public class HelloWorldVerticleTest {

    private Vertx vertx;

    @Before
    public void setUp(TestContext context) {
        vertx = Vertx.vertx();
        vertx.deployVerticle(HelloWorldVerticle.class.getName(), context.asyncAssertSuccess());
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown(TestContext context) {
        vertx.close(context.asyncAssertSuccess());
    }

    @Test
    public void testHelloWorldVerticle(TestContext context) {
        final Async async = context.async();

        vertx.createHttpClient().getNow(8080, "localhost", "/", response -> {
            response.handler(body -> {
                context.assertTrue(body.toString().contains("Hello"));
                async.complete();
            });
        });

        vertx.createHttpClient().getNow(8080, "localhost", "/date", response -> {
            response.handler(body -> {
                context.assertTrue(body.toString().contains("date"));
                async.complete();
            });
        });
    }
}