add invalid argument, shape detection to transforms

[bodokaiser]

Basically relates to

• [ ] mrtoct.data.transform.CenterPad
• [ ] mrtoct.data.transform.CenterCrop
• [ ] mrtoct.data.transform.CenterExctractSlice
• [ ] mrtoct.data.transform.CenterExctractPatch

to check if

• [ ] dimensions of input and target shape
• [ ] crops or pads are really negative, positive
• [ ] indices are in a correct range