Followup for Pass path associations as special compiler flags

[LeFrosch]

Checklist

• [x] I have filed an issue about this change and discussed potential changes with the maintainers.
• [x] I have received the approval from the maintainers to make this change.
• [x] This is not a stylistic, refactoring, or cleanup change.

Please note that the maintainers will not be reviewing this change until all checkboxes are ticked. See the Contributions section in the README for more details.

Discussion thread for this change

Issue number: #5300

Description of this change

Followup for #5301. Pass all headers in targets with include_prefix with special "-ibazel" flag like that they can be handled by CLion. Also I tried to address all open comments in the pull request.

[ujohnny]

I remember when I intentionally added a check in VirtualIncludesHandler.java to handle this. Something should be definitely done to it, either removed or message there should be updated.