Make `cc_shared_library` runnable standalone

[fmeum]

When loaded as a data dependency (e.g. for dlopen), the runfiles of a cc_shared_library now contain the _solib symlinks of precompiled dynamic library dependencies instead of the symlink targets.

Work towards #21833

[fmeum]

~Stacked on #21880~

[fmeum]

I rebased onto master, which will hopefully resolve the RBE failure.

[fmeum]

@bazel-io fork 7.2.0

[pzembrod]

I'll handle the import.