meta-balena-common: upgrade from go 1.16.2 to 1.17.13

[lmbarros]

Bringing Go updates from kirkstone commit a38f831 (from https://git.openembedded.org/openembedded-core/). Go 1.17 is what Moby used in the version our current balenaEngine is based in.

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[lmbarros]

balena-engine binary actually grew from 40MB to 45MB, in a test build I made for a Pi3-64.

[jakogut]

@lmbarros Yeah, it's unfortunate. I also tested a newer Go version and found it increased binary size.