[Bug]: do-expressions plugin throws "Couldn't find a Program" in Babel 8

[0f-0b]

💻

• [ ] Would you like to work on a fix?

How are you using Babel?

Programmatic API (babel.transform, babel.parse)

Input code

async () => do {
  await 0
  while (0) {}
  0
}

Configuration file name

babel.config.json

Configuration

{
  "plugins": [
    [
      "@babel/plugin-proposal-do-expressions"
    ]
  ]
}

Current and expected behavior

transformAsync when called with the code above throws a "Couldn't find a Program" error.

Stack trace

.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:1362
    throw new Error("Couldn't find a Program");
          ^

Error: unknown file: Couldn't find a Program
    at Scope.getProgramParent (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:1362:11)
    at Scope.crawl (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:1274:32)
    at Scope.init (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:1264:12)
    at NodePath.setScope (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3652:15)
    at NodePath.setContext (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3664:8)
    at NodePath.popContext (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3716:10)
    at TraversalContext.visitQueue (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4876:12)
    at TraversalContext.visitMultiple (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4839:17)
    at TraversalContext.visit (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4885:19)
    at traverseNode (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4905:17)
    at traverse (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4942:3)
    at traverse.hasType (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4974:3)
    at NodePath.replaceExpressionWithStatements (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:2297:57)
    at PluginPass.exit (.../node_modules/@babel/plugin-proposal-do-expressions/lib/index.js:20:18)
    at newFn (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:354:14)
    at NodePath._call (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3582:20)
    at NodePath.call (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3572:17)
    at NodePath.visit (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3624:8)
    at TraversalContext.visitQueue (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4864:16)
    at TraversalContext.visitSingle (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4843:19)
    at TraversalContext.visit (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4887:19)
    at traverseNode (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4905:17)
    at NodePath.visit (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3622:21)
    at TraversalContext.visitQueue (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4864:16)
    at TraversalContext.visitSingle (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4843:19)
    at TraversalContext.visit (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4887:19)
    at traverseNode (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4905:17)
    at NodePath.visit (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3622:21)
    at TraversalContext.visitQueue (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4864:16)
    at TraversalContext.visitMultiple (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4839:17)
    at TraversalContext.visit (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4885:19)
    at traverseNode (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4905:17)
    at NodePath.visit (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:3622:21)
    at TraversalContext.visitQueue (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4864:16)
    at traverseNode (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4901:20)
    at traverse (.../node_modules/@babel/traverse/lib/index.js:4942:3)
    at transformFile (.../node_modules/@babel/core/lib/transformation/index.js:68:7)
    at transformFile.next (<anonymous>)
    at run (.../node_modules/@babel/core/lib/transformation/index.js:12:12)
    at run.next (<anonymous>)
    at transform (.../node_modules/@babel/core/lib/transform.js:8:17)
    at transform.next (<anonymous>)
    at step (.../node_modules/gensync/index.js:261:32)
    at .../node_modules/gensync/index.js:273:13
    at async.call.result.err.err (.../node_modules/gensync/index.js:223:11)
    at .../node_modules/gensync/index.js:189:28
    at .../node_modules/@babel/core/lib/gensync-utils/async.js:42:7
    at .../node_modules/gensync/index.js:113:33
    at step (.../node_modules/gensync/index.js:287:14)
    at .../node_modules/gensync/index.js:273:13
    at async.call.result.err.err (.../node_modules/gensync/index.js:223:11) {
  code: 'BABEL_TRANSFORM_ERROR'
}

Node.js v21.6.2

The error does not occur in Babel 7.

Environment

System:
  OS: macOS 14.1.1
Binaries:
  Node: 21.6.2 - /opt/homebrew/bin/node
  npm: 10.4.0 - /opt/homebrew/bin/npm
npmPackages:
  @babel/core: 8.0.0-alpha.6 => 8.0.0-alpha.6 
  @babel/plugin-proposal-do-expressions: 8.0.0-alpha.6 => 8.0.0-alpha.6 

Possible solution

No response

Additional context

No response

[babel-bot]

Hey @0f-0b! We really appreciate you taking the time to report an issue. The collaborators on this project attempt to help as many people as possible, but we're a limited number of volunteers, so it's possible this won't be addressed swiftly.

If you need any help, or just have general Babel or JavaScript questions, we have a vibrant Slack community that typically always has someone willing to help. You can sign-up here for an invite.

[nicolo-ribaudo]

Thanks for testing Babel 8 :)