chore(workspace): use typescript ~5.3.0 across the workspace

[HuiSF]

Description of changes

We can now use typescript 5.3.x across the workspace.

Issue #, if available

Description of how you validated changes

Checklist

• [x] PR description included
• [x] yarn test passes
• [ ] Tests are changed or added
• [ ] Relevant documentation is changed or added (and PR referenced)

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license.

[github-actions[bot]]

⚠️ This PR includes changes to the "aws-amplify" package.json file, which can have library-wide implications.

Please ensure that this PR:

• Does not manually change "@aws-amplify/*" dependency versions, which may misalign core dependencies across the library
• Remove any export paths without a major version bump

A repository administrator is required to review this change.