[refactor] Separate error handling for dataframe

[nabenabe0928]

Small refactoring to separate error handling of dataframe in check_data for the readability.

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

Merging #403 (0ee664e) into development (048656e) will decrease coverage by 0.25%. The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@               Coverage Diff               @@
##           development     #403      +/-   ##
===============================================
- Coverage        84.15%   83.89%   -0.26%     
===============================================
  Files              175      175              
  Lines            10169    10173       +4     
  Branches          1747     1746       -1     
===============================================
- Hits              8558     8535      -23     
- Misses            1112     1137      +25     
- Partials           499      501       +2     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
autoPyTorch/data/tabular_feature_validator.py	92.30% <100.00%> (+0.17%)	:arrow_up:
...eline/components/setup/optimizer/base_optimizer.py	80.95% <0.00%> (-19.05%)	:arrow_down:
...abular_preprocessing/base_tabular_preprocessing.py	66.66% <0.00%> (-13.34%)	:arrow_down:
...ne/components/setup/lr_scheduler/base_scheduler.py	93.10% <0.00%> (-6.90%)	:arrow_down:
...feature_preprocessing/SelectRatesClassification.py	89.13% <0.00%> (-6.53%)	:arrow_down:
...up/network_initializer/base_network_initializer.py	93.54% <0.00%> (-6.46%)	:arrow_down:
.../pipeline/components/setup/network/base_network.py	88.05% <0.00%> (-5.98%)	:arrow_down:
...nts/setup/early_preprocessor/EarlyPreprocessing.py	85.71% <0.00%> (-5.72%)	:arrow_down:
...re_preprocessing/SelectPercentileClassification.py	89.47% <0.00%> (-5.27%)	:arrow_down:
...peline/components/training/trainer/MixUpTrainer.py	97.14% <0.00%> (-2.86%)	:arrow_down:
... and 3 more

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[nabenabe0928]

Check

• test/test_api/test_base_api.py::test_pipeline_get_budget[3-50-runtime-expected1-classification_categorical_only]
• test/test_pipeline/components/preprocessing/test_feature_preprocessor.py::TestFeaturePreprocessors::test_pipeline_fit_include[Nystroem-classification_numerical_and_categorical]