docs: update various things to Astral

[JacobCoffee]

What

• update badging
• add astral discord links
• rye badge branding update
• source issue and PR templates

[JacobCoffee]

These look like:

I'm not sure if it would be consumed into the Astral Discord or not, but the Rye discord's badge will not show until they enable widget visibility in the guild settings

[JacobCoffee]

Feel free to close if this steps on any toes

[mitsuhiko]

I would not change the style of the badges yet. That's something for later.

[JacobCoffee]

Is this better or would you prefer not doing anything at all with the badging (specifically just adding some more) at this point?

[mitsuhiko]

Sorry for having this hang here. Wanted to talk to @charliermarsh about this but then forgot.