PlantUML diagram generation with Kroki is broken again

[thetric]

Observed vs. expected behavior

The preview does not render the diagram:

Neither the public Kroki server nor our selfhosted one does work. The IntelliJ logs do not include any errors regarding the generation

Steps to reproduce

Enable Kroki and create the following file:

[plantuml,datafields]
----
object "<datafields>" as s {
}
object "<datafield>" as df

s *-- "0..1" df
----

Environment

Plugin Version: 0.42.2 (0.42.0 too) IntelliJ: 2024.1.4

IntelliJ IDEA 2024.1.4 (Ultimate Edition)
Build #IU-241.18034.62, built on June 20, 2024
Runtime version: 17.0.11+1-b1207.24 aarch64
VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM by JetBrains s.r.o.
macOS 14.5
GC: G1 Young Generation, G1 Old Generation
Memory: 4096M
Cores: 12
Metal Rendering is ON
Registry:
  debugger.new.tool.window.layout=true
  ide.experimental.ui=true
Non-Bundled Plugins:
  org.intellij.plugins.hcl (241.17890.8)
  IdeaVIM (2.15.0)
  org.jetbrains.plugins.go-template (241.14494.150)
  com.intellij.properties.bundle.editor (241.14494.150)
  DevKit (241.18034.69)
  com.jetbrains.jax.ws (241.14494.158)
  PlantUML integration (7.10.1-IJ2023.2)
  org.asciidoctor.intellij.asciidoc (0.42.2)
  com.intellij.bigdatatools.core (241.18034.62)
  com.intellij.bigdatatools.binary.files (241.14494.158)
  com.intellij.bigdatatools.rfs (241.18034.62)
  com.jetbrains.packagesearch.intellij-plugin (241.0.11)
  com.dmarcotte.handlebars (241.14494.150)
Kotlin: 241.18034.62-IJ