Add std::format style formatted print support to proxy/Log class

[cmcfarlen]

Related to #8855, this should add support for std::format style print, but maintain timestamps and support arbitrarily long log lines. This could improve logging efficiency over #8855 avoiding a double formatted print and a copy or two.

[ywkaras]

If we inhale https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt to get this before we switch to C++20, we can use namespace aliasing:

namespace fmt = std;

once we do switch to 20.

[github-actions[bot]]

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