[Feature][Catalog] Catalog API Upgrade Feature

[Jetiaime]

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Description

I'm rewrting SeaTunnel-Web for some reason, I found that there is not necessary to have datasource in the Web Project, we can just using Catalog instead, but I got some problems when I using Catalog:

1. jdbc connector is so special that i have to split it to multi connector for different catalog, can we make sure one catalog to one connector? There will be more easy for writing catalog related service.
2. I cannot get TableSchema when I have unsupported Column Type. There will be better if we just record it in the column and let the user know there cannot be selected.

I'm thinking of making catalog not only for the inside of seatunnel, but as a service that can be requested. So we can cut all the metadata service off and just be a client to seatunnel engine.

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Related issues

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