HIVE-26079: Upgrade protobuf to 3.16.1

[Noremac201]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Update pom.xml for Hive and for standalone-metastore to 3.16.1.

Why are the changes needed?

Protobuf 2.5.0 is > 9 years old, and any advancements of some dependencies can be held back by this protobuf version.

Fixes CVE-2021-22569

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

No.

How was this patch tested?

Existing tests.

This is a copy of #3144 though it adds standalone-metastore support.