[FLINK-35164][table] Support `ALTER CATALOG RESET` syntax

[liyubin117]

What is the purpose of the change

Reset one or more properties to its default value in the specified catalog.

Brief change log

• ALTER CATALOG catalog_name RESET (key1, ...)

Verifying this change

This change added tests and can be verified as follows:

flink-table/flink-sql-client/src/test/resources/sql/catalog_database.q flink-table/flink-sql-gateway/src/test/resources/sql/catalog_database.q

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): no
• The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with @Public(Evolving): no
• The serializers: no
• The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): no
• Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn/Mesos, ZooKeeper: no
• The S3 file system connector: no

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? yes
• If yes, how is the feature documented? yes

[flinkbot]

CI report:

• 771be66b67e2b6e854c325fe9d946c8ef65a00da Azure: SUCCESS

Bot commands

The @flinkbot bot supports the following commands:

• @flinkbot run azure re-run the last Azure build

[liyubin117]

@LadyForest Hi, I have finished the feature, Looking forward to your review, thanks :)