[FLINK-29339][runtime] JobMasterPartitionTracker returns future to avoid blocking main thread

[Sxnan]

What is the purpose of the change

JobMasterPartitionTracker#getClusterPartitionShuffleDescriptors returns future to avoid blocking the main thread.

Brief change log

• JobMasterPartitionTracker#getClusterPartitionShuffleDescriptors returns future to avoid blocking the main thread.
• Adjust TaskDeploymentDescriptorFactory so that createDeploymentDescriptor returns a future of DeploymentDescriptor.

Verifying this change

This change is already covered by existing tests, such as (please describe tests).

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): no
• The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with @Public(Evolving): no
• The serializer: no
• The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): no
• Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn, ZooKeeper: no
• The S3 file system connector: no

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? no
• If yes, how is the feature documented? not applicable

[flinkbot]

CI report:

• 04a451fc688ea997c64d18e88588834ccf1da94c Azure: SUCCESS

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[Sxnan]

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[Sxnan]

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[gaoyunhaii]

@Sxnan Could you have a look at the above issue first ?

[Sxnan]

@gaoyunhaii Thanks for your review and sorry for the late update. I updated the PR accordingly. Could you please take another look?