[enhance](catalog)show partitions support iceberg

[zddr]

Proposed changes

Issue Number: close #xxx

mysql> show partitions from sample_cow_parquet;
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Partition                                                |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/city=Beijing/id_bucket=0    |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/city=Beijing/id_bucket=1    |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/city=Hangzhou/id_bucket=0   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/city=Hangzhou/id_bucket=1   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/city=Hefei/id_bucket=0      |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/city=Hefei/id_bucket=1      |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/city=Shanghai/id_bucket=0   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/city=Shanghai/id_bucket=1   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/id_bucket=0                 |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-01/id_bucket=0/col_short=18810 |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-02/city=Beijing/id_bucket=0    |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-02/city=Beijing/id_bucket=1    |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-02/city=Hangzhou/id_bucket=0   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-02/city=Hangzhou/id_bucket=1   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-02/city=Hefei/id_bucket=0      |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-02/city=Hefei/id_bucket=1      |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-02/city=Shanghai/id_bucket=0   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-02/city=Shanghai/id_bucket=1   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-03/city=Beijing/id_bucket=0    |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-03/city=Beijing/id_bucket=1    |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-03/city=Hangzhou/id_bucket=0   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-03/city=Hangzhou/id_bucket=1   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-03/city=Hefei/id_bucket=0      |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-03/city=Hefei/id_bucket=1      |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-03/city=Shanghai/id_bucket=0   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-03/city=Shanghai/id_bucket=1   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Beijing/id_bucket=0    |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Beijing/id_bucket=1    |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Hangzhou/id_bucket=0   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Hangzhou/id_bucket=1   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Hefei/id_bucket=0      |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Hefei/id_bucket=1      |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Shanghai/id_bucket=0   |
| col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Shanghai/id_bucket=1   |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
34 rows in set (0.06 sec)

Further comments

If this is a relatively large or complex change, kick off the discussion at [email protected] by explaining why you chose the solution you did and what alternatives you considered, etc...