[enhance](catalog)show partitions support iceberg

[zddr]

Proposed changes

Issue Number: close #xxx

support show partitions from iceberg_table Field Explanation Reference: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/blob/main/core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/PartitionsTable.java

mysql> show partitions from sample_cow_parquet\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
                partition: col_timestamp_day=1970-01-04/city=Hefei/id_bucket=1
                   specId: 0
              recordCount: 36
                fileCount: 1
 totalDataFileSizeInBytes: 7717
positionDeleteRecordCount: 0
  positionDeleteFileCount: 0
equalityDeleteRecordCount: 0
  equalityDeleteFileCount: 0
            lastUpdatedAt: 1697163408768000
    lastUpdatedSnapshotId: 1704258583567025327

Further comments

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