Update debugging docs, GitHub Actions and golangci config

[vishesh92]

This pull request updates the project's development tooling and documentation to improve compatibility, maintainability, and developer experience. The most significant changes are updates to GitHub Actions workflows and golangci-lint configuration, the addition of a lint target to the Makefile, and enhancements to the documentation for building and debugging.

CI/CD and Linting Improvements:

• Updated GitHub Actions workflows to use the latest versions of ubuntu-latest, actions/checkout@v6, and actions/setup-go@v6, and upgraded golangci-lint-action to v9 for improved reliability and support. (.github/workflows/build.yml, .github/workflows/build-docker-image.yml, .github/workflows/golangci-lint.yml) [1] [2] [3]
• Major overhaul of .golangci.yml: switched to version 2 config format, enabled/disabled specific linters, and added exclusions for generated code and certain paths for more precise linting. [1] [2]
• Added a lint target to the Makefile to run golangci-lint and gofmt, improving local code quality checks.

Documentation Updates:

• Updated the required Go version from 1.21 to 1.23 in README.md to reflect current build requirements.
• Improved example usage and added a new section on debugging with VSCode, including a sample launch.json configuration for easier local development.

Minor Code Quality Fixes:

• Standardized error message formatting in cloudstack_loadbalancer.go for consistency.