GH-38558: [C++] Add support for null sort option per sort key

[Light-City]

Rationale for this change

support multi sortkey nulls first.

order by i nulls first, j, k nulls first;

The current null sorting only supports all sortkeys, not a certain sortkey, so NullPlacement is extended to the SortKey field. Since the underlying framework is very well written, when modifying this function, you only need to pass the null_placement of each SortKey in. That’s it.

What changes are included in this PR?

1.SortKey structure, NullPlacemnt transfer logic, sorting logic and Ording related, test related 2.Substriait related. 3.c_glib related. 4.SelectK related. 5.RankOptions related.

Are these changes tested?

yes, I changed the code inside vector_sort_test.cc and performed additional tests.

Are there any user-facing changes?

yes, pg database include null sorting of multiple sort keys.

• Closes: #38558

[github-actions[bot]]

:warning: GitHub issue #38558 has been automatically assigned in GitHub to PR creator.

[Light-City]

Fixes #38633, Fixes #38558

[Light-City]

This PR is ready, all tests have passed, and four of them failed seem to have nothing to do with this submission. @kou @westonpace

[Taepper]

What is the status on this?