[WIP][AMORO-2623] Add CAS-based state mechanism to TaskRuntime

[link3280]

Why are the changes needed?

Close #2623.

Brief change log

• Add CAS check based on optimizer thread to TaskRuntime.

How was this patch tested?

• [ ] Add some test cases that check the changes thoroughly including negative and positive cases if possible

• [ ] Add screenshots for manual tests if appropriate

• [ ] Run test locally before making a pull request

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? no
• If yes, how is the feature documented? (not applicable / docs / JavaDocs / not documented)

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Project coverage is 51.01%. Comparing base (40707a5) to head (76aa9d0). Report is 6 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@              Coverage Diff              @@
##             master    #2664       +/-   ##
=============================================
+ Coverage     34.82%   51.01%   +16.19%     
+ Complexity     4506      592     -3914     
=============================================
  Files           605       46      -559     
  Lines         50623     4708    -45915     
  Branches       6655      513     -6142     
=============================================
- Hits          17631     2402    -15229     
+ Misses        31540     2079    -29461     
+ Partials       1452      227     -1225     

Flag	Coverage Δ
core	?
trino	51.01% <ø> (+0.14%)	:arrow_up:

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[majin1102]

Thanks for your contribution, I left some comments, PTAL

[link3280]

Close in favor of #2684