Allow Asset decorator to work with any TaskFlow operator

[yoeo]

closes: #51228

---

Extends the Airflow 3 @asset decorator to support any TaskFlow operator. To match the Asset-Centric Syntax specification, the asset is implicitly set as an outlet of the that task it decorates.

This is my first contribution here, I tried to keep the changes to a minimum but please let me know if there are any issues, and I will do my best to address them.

Thanks.

---

Examples usage (from #51228 ):

from airflow.sdk import asset, task


# Asset generated by a PythonOperator task with extra arguments
# The task `outlets` argument is implicitly set to `[secret_data]`
@asset(schedule="@daily")
@task(doc="Generate a secret number", retries=3)
def secret_data():
    return 42


# Asset generated by a BashOperator task (supports extra arguments as well)
# The task `outlets` argument is implicitly set to `[write_data]`
@asset(schedule=secret_data)
@task.bash()
def write_data(ti):
    random_number = ti.xcom_pull(
        dag_id="secret_data",
        task_ids="secret_data",
        key="return_value",
        include_prior_dates=True,
    )
    return f"echo {random_number}"

[boring-cyborg[bot]]

Congratulations on your first Pull Request and welcome to the Apache Airflow community! If you have any issues or are unsure about any anything please check our Contributors' Guide (https://github.com/apache/airflow/blob/main/contributing-docs/README.rst) Here are some useful points:

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[Lee-W]

the test failure doesn't look like something related to this change. let me rebase from the main branch and see how it works

[boring-cyborg[bot]]

Awesome work, congrats on your first merged pull request! You are invited to check our Issue Tracker for additional contributions.

[marclamberti]

Awesome contribution!