Refactor `lockStartRetryAttachLoop` method

[sacOO7]

• As per comment by SimonWoolf =>

Also -- why does lockStartRetryAttachLoop start off by moving the channel into the detached state? makes no sense

• Seems we need to refactor this logic, not doing it as a part of no-connection-serial PR.
• Check for related passing tests for no connection serial.

┆Issue is synchronized with this Jira Task by Unito

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The link to the corresponding Jira issue is https://ably.atlassian.net/browse/SDK-4034