Requesting explanation of Laser Modulation settings

[shadowpanther]

There are some settings related to lasers, namely Laser Modulation here: https://github.com/Yellow-Dog-Man/Locale/blob/1ead0b3ece19ed9e060260ed8735b510af96128f/en.json#L1106-L1109

Could someone explain in some detail how these work (or just give a link if it is a known concept/formula)? We don't know how to properly translate these except literally word-for-word, which does not add any understanding to the topic.