Feature: Expose a symbol that gives the same type of debugging info that internal failure reports provide

[rhennigan]

This could be something like $InternalFailureData and would contain the same type of information generated here:

https://github.com/WolframResearch/Chatbook/blob/dd0fefc0966dd6b49e32a27d61dc39679cfa20be/Source/Chatbook/Common.wl#L580-L591

However, it should not do any of the markdown formatting or truncation that's required for GitHub reports.