[Feature] Support data ingestion for range distribution table

[srlch]

What I'm doing:

Implement end-to-end range-based routing for range distribution tables on both FE and BE sides:

FE: Add TabletRange and Tuple.toThrift / Variant.toThrift to serialize tablet ranges as TTabletRange/TVariant. OlapTableSink / FrontendServiceImpl now populate range_distributed_columns and per-tablet range in TOlapTablePartitionParam and TOlapTableIndexTablets, and temporarily disable colocate MV index for RANGE distribution tables.

BE: Introduce RangeRouter to route rows to tablets based on TTabletRange, supporting multi-column ranges and various open/closed/±inf intervals; Extend TabletSinkSender with RangeTabletSinkSender.

Tests: Add/extend FE tests (VariantTest, TabletRangeTest) to cover numeric, string, boolean and date/datetime serialization to Thrift. Add BE tests (RangeRouterTest, TabletSinkSenderRangeTest) covering typical routing paths, boundary behavior, sparse selections and error cases.

Fixes #64986

What type of PR is this:

• [ ] BugFix
• [x] Feature
• [ ] Enhancement
• [ ] Refactor
• [ ] UT
• [ ] Doc
• [ ] Tool

Does this PR entail a change in behavior?

• [ ] Yes, this PR will result in a change in behavior.
• [x] No, this PR will not result in a change in behavior.

If yes, please specify the type of change:

• [ ] Interface/UI changes: syntax, type conversion, expression evaluation, display information
• [ ] Parameter changes: default values, similar parameters but with different default values
• [ ] Policy changes: use new policy to replace old one, functionality automatically enabled
• [ ] Feature removed
• [ ] Miscellaneous: upgrade & downgrade compatibility, etc.

Checklist:

• [x] I have added test cases for my bug fix or my new feature
• [ ] This pr needs user documentation (for new or modified features or behaviors)
  • [ ] I have added documentation for my new feature or new function
• [ ] This is a backport pr

Bugfix cherry-pick branch check:

• [x] I have checked the version labels which the pr will be auto-backported to the target branch
  • [ ] 4.0
  • [ ] 3.5
  • [ ] 3.4
  • [ ] 3.3

---

[!NOTE] Implements range-based row routing for range-distributed tables, adding FE/BE support, Thrift/Proto range serialization, and comprehensive tests.

• Backend (BE):
  • Add RangeRouter and RangeTabletSinkSender to route rows by TTabletRange; wire into OlapTableSink when is_range_distribution().
  • Enhance OlapTablePartitionParam to carry distribution_type; compute hashes only for HASH; randomize for RANGE/RANDOM.
  • Update build/tests; add range_router_test and tablet_sink_sender_range_test.
• Frontend (FE):
  • Introduce TabletRange, Tuple.toThrift(), and Variant.toThrift() (BOOL/INT/LARGEINT/STRING/DATE) to serialize tablet ranges.
  • OlapTableSink/FrontendServiceImpl: populate distribution_type, range-distributed columns, and per-tablet range in TOlapTablePartitionParam/TOlapTableIndexTablets; disable colocate MV for RANGE.
  • Add helpers in MetaUtils for range distribution columns/ids; Tablet now holds TabletRange.
  • Add tests VariantTest, TabletRangeTest; adjust existing tests for distribution info.
• Thrift/Proto:
  • Add TOlapTableDistributionType and distribution_type to TOlapTablePartitionParam.
  • Add TOlapTableTablet.range and TOlapTableIndexTablets.tablets.
  • TTabletRange now includes bounds and inclusivity; TVariant/VariantPB use long_value and string_value fields.

^{Written by Cursor Bugbot for commit a007d96e43ac3bcf2705f4b3868a30e9d4fa9863. This will update automatically on new commits. Configure here.}

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[BE Incremental Coverage Report]

:x: fail : 0 / 12 (00.00%)

file detail

	path	covered_line	new_line	coverage	not_covered_line_detail
:large_blue_circle:	src/exec/tablet_info.cpp	0	4	00.00%	[276, 278, 280, 281]
:large_blue_circle:	src/exec/tablet_sink_sender.cpp	0	2	00.00%	[49, 50]
:large_blue_circle:	src/exec/tablet_sink_sender.h	0	2	00.00%	[72, 73]
:large_blue_circle:	src/exec/tablet_sink.cpp	0	4	00.00%	[322, 324, 325, 326]

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Quality Gate failed

Failed conditions
3.5% Duplication on New Code (required ≤ 3%)

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

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[Java-Extensions Incremental Coverage Report]

:white_check_mark: pass : 0 / 0 (0%)

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[FE Incremental Coverage Report]

:x: fail : 54 / 69 (78.26%)

file detail

	path	covered_line	new_line	coverage	not_covered_line_detail
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/LargeIntVariant.java	0	4	00.00%	[62, 63, 64, 65]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/sql/common/MetaUtils.java	0	6	00.00%	[249, 254, 259, 263, 267, 271]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/Tablet.java	1	4	25.00%	[41, 42, 48]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/planner/OlapTableSink.java	11	12	91.67%	[517]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/TabletRange.java	11	12	91.67%	[30]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/BoolVariant.java	4	4	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/IntVariant.java	4	4	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/Tuple.java	3	3	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/DateVariant.java	4	4	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/StringVariant.java	4	4	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/service/FrontendServiceImpl.java	12	12	100.00%	[]

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