[Enhancement] Support getting physical partition by name

[xiangguangyxg]

Why I'm doing:

Physical partition only has id but no name, replication need get physical partition by name.

What I'm doing:

Support getting physical partition by name

Fixes #issue

What type of PR is this:

• [ ] BugFix
• [ ] Feature
• [x] Enhancement
• [ ] Refactor
• [ ] UT
• [ ] Doc
• [ ] Tool

Does this PR entail a change in behavior?

• [ ] Yes, this PR will result in a change in behavior.
• [x] No, this PR will not result in a change in behavior.

If yes, please specify the type of change:

• [ ] Interface/UI changes: syntax, type conversion, expression evaluation, display information
• [ ] Parameter changes: default values, similar parameters but with different default values
• [ ] Policy changes: use new policy to replace old one, functionality automatically enabled
• [ ] Feature removed
• [ ] Miscellaneous: upgrade & downgrade compatibility, etc.

Checklist:

• [ ] I have added test cases for my bug fix or my new feature
• [ ] This pr needs user documentation (for new or modified features or behaviors)
  • [ ] I have added documentation for my new feature or new function
• [ ] This is a backport pr

Bugfix cherry-pick branch check:

• [x] I have checked the version labels which the pr will be auto-backported to the target branch
  • [x] 3.3
  • [x] 3.2
  • [ ] 3.1
  • [ ] 3.0
  • [ ] 2.5

[sonarqubecloud[bot]]

Quality Gate failed

Failed conditions
3.0% Duplication on New Code (required ≤ 3%)

See analysis details on SonarCloud

[github-actions[bot]]

[FE Incremental Coverage Report]

:white_check_mark: pass : 54 / 66 (81.82%)

file detail

	path	covered_line	new_line	coverage	not_covered_line_detail
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/PhysicalPartitionImpl.java	4	6	66.67%	[121, 122]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/Partition.java	10	14	71.43%	[563, 564, 566, 567]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/replication/ReplicationJob.java	3	4	75.00%	[619]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/catalog/OlapTable.java	30	35	85.71%	[1404, 1409, 1410, 1411, 1413]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/server/LocalMetastore.java	7	7	100.00%	[]

[github-actions[bot]]

[BE Incremental Coverage Report]

:white_check_mark: pass : 0 / 0 (0%)

[github-actions[bot]]

@Mergifyio backport branch-3.3

[github-actions[bot]]

@Mergifyio backport branch-3.2

[mergify[bot]]

backport branch-3.3

✅ Backports have been created

• #48595 [Enhancement] Support getting physical partition by name (backport #47270) has been created for branch branch-3.3

[mergify[bot]]

backport branch-3.2

✅ Backports have been created

• #48596 [Enhancement] Support getting physical partition by name (backport #47270) has been created for branch branch-3.2 but encountered conflicts