[Enhancement] Iceberg metadata distributed plan e2e

[stephen-shelby]

Why I'm doing:

What I'm doing:

Fixes #issue https://github.com/StarRocks/starrocks/issues/43460

What type of PR is this:

• [ ] BugFix
• [ ] Feature
• [x] Enhancement
• [ ] Refactor
• [ ] UT
• [ ] Doc
• [ ] Tool

Does this PR entail a change in behavior?

• [ ] Yes, this PR will result in a change in behavior.
• [x] No, this PR will not result in a change in behavior.

If yes, please specify the type of change:

• [ ] Interface/UI changes: syntax, type conversion, expression evaluation, display information
• [ ] Parameter changes: default values, similar parameters but with different default values
• [ ] Policy changes: use new policy to replace old one, functionality automatically enabled
• [ ] Feature removed
• [ ] Miscellaneous: upgrade & downgrade compatibility, etc.

Checklist:

• [ ] I have added test cases for my bug fix or my new feature
• [ ] This pr needs user documentation (for new or modified features or behaviors)
  • [ ] I have added documentation for my new feature or new function
• [ ] This is a backport pr

Bugfix cherry-pick branch check:

• [x] I have checked the version labels which the pr will be auto-backported to the target branch
  • [ ] 3.3
  • [ ] 3.2
  • [ ] 3.1
  • [ ] 3.0
  • [ ] 2.5

[sonarqubecloud[bot]]

Quality Gate failed

Failed conditions
C Reliability Rating on New Code (required ≥ A)

See analysis details on SonarCloud

Catch issues before they fail your Quality Gate with our IDE extension SonarLint

[github-actions[bot]]

[FE Incremental Coverage Report]

:white_check_mark: pass : 65 / 69 (94.20%)

file detail

	path	covered_line	new_line	coverage	not_covered_line_detail
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/connector/iceberg/CachingIcebergCatalog.java	1	2	50.00%	[310]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/qe/StmtExecutor.java	19	22	86.36%	[2411, 2412, 2413]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/connector/iceberg/IcebergMetadata.java	2	2	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/connector/PlanMode.java	1	1	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/connector/metadata/MetadataCollectJob.java	3	3	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/sql/analyzer/SetStmtAnalyzer.java	2	2	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/connector/metadata/MetadataExecutor.java	2	2	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/connector/iceberg/AsyncIterable.java	23	23	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/connector/iceberg/StarRocksIcebergTableScanContext.java	7	7	100.00%	[]
:large_blue_circle:	com/starrocks/connector/PartitionUtil.java	5	5	100.00%	[]

[github-actions[bot]]

[BE Incremental Coverage Report]

:white_check_mark: pass : 99 / 123 (80.49%)

file detail

	path	covered_line	new_line	coverage	not_covered_line_detail
:large_blue_circle:	be/src/runtime/metadata_result_writer.cpp	96	120	80.00%	[40, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68, 76, 98, 99, 106, 121, 199, 200, 201, 202, 204]
:large_blue_circle:	be/src/exec/pipeline/result_sink_operator.cpp	3	3	100.00%	[]