osrm-backend
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Blacklist access=permit for cars
The access=permit tag (and vehicle=permit, motor_vehicle=permit, etc.) has been widely adopted since the second half of 2018. For routing, it has implications similar to access=private as generally only locals have these permits, so I I think it should also be on the default access blacklist. It usually occurs in congested city centers and often in areas with electronic surveillance where unauthorized traffic automatically results in a (usually hefty) fine.
Not sure we should do it by default(probably we should, but for some use cases it is questionable), but you can do it on your own just by adding this tag here https://github.com/Project-OSRM/osrm-backend/blob/e7185b4bcb7eb17ea4f85dc3d087880dbd309646/profiles/car.lua#L77
Just to come back to this issue.
Permit ist not different to "private" - So we should deal with it the same.
So yes - please add "permit" to the access tag blacklist.
We as an application dont know if the user has a permit for every snippet of road out there tagged with "access=permit" so our assumption must be the user does not have one.
Flo
I just made this patch for the car profile - It also disallows snap-to service roads with permit.
https://github.com/Project-OSRM/osrm-backend/commit/1fcea94e6f4c944d5c6976495b82eced0f063189