python [requirements]: Added maximum version for jsonschema

[minosgalanakis]

Description

This PR is using PEP0440/ PYPA spec to lock the jsonschema version to versions between 3.2.0 and 4.17.X.

The problem is caused by version 4.18 of jsonschema which added an indirect extra dependency rpds_py without listing it in the changelog.

prds_py brings in a lot of rust dependencies since it is compiled from source, and pip install will fai in a system that does not have properly configured rustc and cargo.

The issue has been documented in multiple other projects: https://github.com/python-poetry/poetry/issues/8160 https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/issues/4790 https://github.com/canonical/prometheus-k8s-operator/issues/493

PR checklist

Please tick as appropriate and edit the reasons (e.g.: "backport: not needed because this is a new feature")

• [x] changelog Not required, does not modify the library, just build enviroment.
• [x] backport Not required, the driver auto-generation does not exist in 2.28X
• [x] tests Not required, only changes build enviroment.