marching-squares
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Mesh optimization by Ear Clipping
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17896447/how-to-simplify-a-marching-squares-mesh
"To get a polygon out of a scalar field (e.g. a bitmap) you should first run a modified version of marching squares that only generates the polygon contour (i.e. in the 16 cases of marching squares you don't generate geometry, you just add points to a polygon), and after that you run a triangulation algorithm (e.g. Delaunay or Ear Clipping)."
https://booksite.elsevier.com/samplechapters/9780123875822/9780123875822.PDF