How can energy data collection and reporting be implemented by a cloud provider?

[adrianco]

Cloud providers may not be collecting energy use at a system level across their fleet of machines at present, so there could be a development and deployment cost to provide this information. Raw energy data can't be provided at the virtual machine instance because it's only collected at the full system level, and there are security implications - an Intel CVE https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/articles/technical/software-security-guidance/advisory-guidance/running-average-power-limit-energy-reporting.html - this issue provides a place to discuss workarounds and solutions for this problem.