feat(build): Debian Bookworm base images

[khvn26]

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• [x] I have run pre-commit to check linting
• [x] I have added information to docs/ if required so people know about the feature!
• [x] I have filled in the "Changes" section below?
• [x] I have filled in the "How did you test this code" section below?
• [x] I have used a Conventional Commit title for this Pull Request

Changes

This is an attempt to use newer base Docker images which should:

1. Reduce CVEs.
2. Reduce resulting image size.

How did you test this code?

CI will build the images and run E2E tests against them. We will also test them manually.