The Function in the paper

[ahustr]

Thank you for your wonderful paper, but I have a question about a formula: In my understanding. If we ask for maximum likelihood, the parameters of the model have a certain value but are unknown, and we estimate it using a sample from the population, but you have a formula here where the parameters are constantly changing. If we look at the following equation in the paper: You seem to have used only a single point for estimating the parameters.