feat: Introduce `SampledProperty` new function `getSample`

[s3xysteak]

Description

The PR add a new function getSample to SampledProperty, which provides a feature to get the time of samples by index.

Issue number and link

Closes #12245.

Testing plan

Technically speaking, it only performs simple operations on arrays. I add a simple unit test to check if it works well.

Author checklist

• [x] I have submitted a Contributor License Agreement
• [x] I have added my name to CONTRIBUTORS.md
• [x] I have updated CHANGES.md with a short summary of my change
• [x] I have added or updated unit tests to ensure consistent code coverage
• [x] I have updated the inline documentation, and included code examples where relevant
• [x] I have performed a self-review of my code

[github-actions[bot]]

Thank you for the pull request, @s3xysteak!

:white_check_mark: We can confirm we have a CLA on file for you.

[ggetz]

Thanks for the PR @s3xysteak!

@lukemckinstry Could you please review?

[ggetz]

@s3xysteak I noticed that there hasn't been any updates on this recently. Are you still planning on moving forward with this PR in the near future? If not, I'll close this for now to keep things tidy.

[ggetz]

@s3xysteak Please resolve any conflicts tithe the main branch, and ensure you're changes are listed in CHANGES.md under the next release: 1.124.

[ggetz]

Looks great! Thanks @s3xysteak!